UNIT 10
DEMOGRAPHICS
A.
Reading
About
You
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Yes No
If your answer is yes,
tell the number of Indonesian population exactly.
Answer: Indonesia's population was 194.7 million in 1995.
Before
Reading
1.
Ask your friend about his/her
prediction using the given guided questions!
a. What
do you think of the Indonesian population today?
b. Do
you think that Indonesian population will double in 2500?
c. What
population problems will we have in the future?
d. What
efforts do you think will be effective to prevent population growth?
e. Do
you think that birth control programs are effective in our country?
2.
Write down what your friend tells
you by using the given table.
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Your questions
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What your friend tells you
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1
2
3
4
5
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1.
The Indonesian population today is crowded. With a population of around 260 million people in
2013, Indonesia is the fourth most populous country in the world.
2.
Yes, because the Jakarta Post reported in 2013 that Indonesia's population will double in just 40 years from 119 million in 1971 to 240 million in
2010, based on figures from the Central Bureau of Statistics. In 40 years, the population is expected to
climb much higher.
3.
Many are quick to blame the poor groups and low-income families as a major cause for uncontrolled population growth, which in turn resulted in increased poverty and trigger a variety of social, economic, security, ecology and public health problems.
4.
There are several efforts that can be used to prevent population growth, including:
a.
Implement family planning programs (KB: 2 children are
better).
b.
Delay the early marriage.
c.
Flatten of population growth.
5.
Yes, because birth control can reduce the numbers of population growth in Indonesia.
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Crowded Earth – Billions More
Coming
More
than 6 billion people in a world that already is having trouble supporting
about 4 billion.
Lebih dari 6 miliar orang di dunia, 4 miliar diantaranya sudah
mengalami kesulitan.
That
is the prospect now being held out by population experts, and it frightens
them.
Itu adalah sebuah pandangan kini yang disodorkan oleh para ahli
penduduk, dan itu menakutkan mereka.
A
new projection by the United Nations shows that, if the present growth rate of
2 percent per year continues, today’s world population of 3.9 billion will hit
6.4 billion by the year 2000.
Sebuah proyeksi baru oleh PBB menunjukkan bahwa, jika tingkat
pertumbuhan saat ini 2 persen per tahun berlanjut, maka penduduk dunia yang saat
ini 3,9 miliar akan mencapai 6,4 miliar pada tahun 2000.
What’s
more, the great bulk of the growth- 9 of every 10 people added to the earth’s
population – will be in the poorer, undeveloped countries. These are the
nations where feeding billions of people already is proving a
nearinsurmountable challenge.
Terlebih lagi, sebagian besar pertumbuhan-9 dari setiap
10 orang ditambahkan ke penduduk bumi - akan
berada dalam kemiskinan, di negara-negara
berkembang. Ini adalah negara-negara di mana memberi
makan miliaran orang telah membuktikan bahwa sebuah tantangan dapat diatasi.
By
the year 2000, today’s “have not” nations will have a combined population of 5
billion people, comprising nearly four fifths of the world’s population.
Pada tahun 2000, saat ini "belum"
negara-negara akan memiliki populasi
gabungan dari 5 miliar
orang, yang terdiri dari hampir
empat perlima dari populasi dunia.
Food
isn’t the only problem that such a population explosion presents. The more
people there are and the more crowded their living conditions, authorities
warn, the greater grows the likelihood of violence
and upheaval.
Makanan bukan satu-satunya masalah yang
disebabkan oleh ledakan penduduk.
Semakin banyak orang di sana dan semakin sesak kondisi
hidup mereka, pihak berwenang memperingatkan,
semakin besar kemungkinan tumbuh kekerasan dan perselisihan.
According
to U.N. projections, half of all the earth’s people will be living in urban
areas by the year 2000, up from 37 percent today.
Menurut perkiraan PBB, setengah dari semua orang di Bumi akan
tinggal di daerah perkotaan pada tahun 2000, meningkat 37 persen dari saat ini.
From
time of christ-. To put this growth in perspective-
Pada zaman Kristus. Untuk menempatkan pertumbuhan ini dalam
perspektif -
At
the time of Chirst, millions of years after man first appeared on the earth,
demographers estimate there were 250 million people.
Pada zaman kristus, jutaan tahun setelah manusia pertama kali muncul
di bumi, ahli demografi memperkirakan ada 250 juta orang.
In
1830, world population reached 1 billion. It took only 100 more years to add
another billion to world population; just 30 more to add a third billion. And
it will have taken just 15 more years to reach the 4 billion mark in 1975.
Pada tahun
1830, populasi dunia mencapai 1 miliar. Butuh waktu hanya 100 tahun lagi untuk
menambah miliaran penduduk dunia, hanya 30 tahun lebih untuk menambah tiga miliar.
Dan itu akan memakan waktu 15 tahun lagi untuk mencapai 4 miliar pada tahun
1975.
Actually,
the world’s birth rate is on a decline. But so are death rates, as medical
advances have increased life spans and reduced infant mortality.
Sebenarnya, tingkat kelahiran di dunia sedang
berada pada penurunan. Tapi begitu juga angka kematian, dengan kemajuan medis
telah meningkatkan masa hidup dan mengurangi kematian bayi.
Average
world life expectancy, the U.N. says, has increased by 20 years over the past three
decades.
Harapan hidup rata-rata dunia, PBB
mengatakan, telah meningkat selama 20 tahun selama tiga dekade terakhir.
It’s
mainly in advanced nations that population growth is being curbed.
Ini terutama di
negara-negara maju yang pertumbuhan penduduknya sedang dibatasi.
The
outlook beyond 2000 is even more threatening. Unless population growth is
curtailed, a world population of 12 billion is foreseen in a century. One
question raised by demographers:
Prediksi setelah tahun 2000 bahkan lebih mengancam. Kecuali pertumbuhan
penduduk dibatasi, populasi dunia yang akan mencapai 12 miliar diramalkan dalam satu
abad. Satu pertanyaan yang diajukan
oleh ahli demografi:
Is
the earth capable of providing a decent life for 12 billion people?
Apakah bumi mampu memberikan kehidupan
yang layak bagi 12 miliar orang?
I
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1
Refer to the text and decide
whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Ther, write T for
true and F for false in the given space.
a. (
F ) The growth of world population does not
frighten the experts
( P 2, Line 5
)
The growth of world
population frighten the experts.
b. (
F ) If
the 1974 population growth rate of 2% per year continues, today’s
world population will be 3.9 billion.
( P 3, Line 7-10 )
If the present
growth rate of 2% per year continues, today’s
world population
will be 3.9 billion.
c. (
T ) The
highest population growth is found among the undeveloped
countries. (
P 4, Line 11-13 )
d. (
T ) By
the year 2000, the population in undeveloped countries will
double. ( P
3, Line 7-10 )
e. (
F ) Food
is the only problem faced in the situation where a population
explosion exists. ( P 6, Line 21 )
Food
isn’t the only problem faced in the situation where a
Population explosion
exists. Authorities warn, the greater
grows the
likelihood of violence
and upheaval.
f. (
T ) Based
on United Nation projections, nearly half of world population
will be living in urban areas. ( P 7, Line 26-29 )
g. (
T ) In
1975, world population will reach 4 billion. ( P 10, Line
38-40 )
h. (
F ) The
world’ birth rate decreases, yet the death rate increases.
( P 11, Line
41-42 )
Actually, the
world’s birth rate is on a decline, but so are death rates.
i.
( T
) Life expectancy tends to increase in
the world. ( P 12, Line 45-47 )
j.
( T
) If world population growth can be
reduced, the world problems
caused by it will not be threatening.
( P 14, Line 50-54 )
For
point K to O, answer the following questions consicely.
k. How
many population will be in the world in 1974?
Answer
: Almost 4 billion
l.
How many people will be reached in the
world by the year 2500 if in the year 2000 the growth rate is still 2 percent
per year?
Answer
: The people in the world will be reached 60 billion in
2500 year.
m. Which
region has the highest increase in the population growth?
Answer
: Africa has the highest increase in the population
growth.
n. Why
is the population growth in European countries lower than that of African
countries?
Answer
: Because most of the countries in Europe is a developed country, the
growth in population in Europe is lower than the population growth in Africa.
because most of the countries in Africa is a developing country.
o. Based
on the 1973 population data, which country indicates the highest growth?
Answer
: China is the
country indicates the highest growth.
2
Refer to the relevant contexts in the text and
replace and expand the expressions or words printed in italics with other words
or expressions which make the meaning clear.
a. If the proposal growth rate of 2% per year
continues, today’s world population will hit 6.4 billion by the year 2000.
(line 7)
Answer: If the current growth rate
of 2% per year continues, today’s world population will hit 6.4 billion by the
year 2000.
b. Today’s “have not” nations will have a combined population of 5 billion people. (line
17)
Answer: Today’s nations haven’t had a combined population of 5
billion people yet.
c. Food
isn’t the only problem that such a
population explosion presents.
Answer: Food isn’t the only problem caused by the population explosion now.
d. To put this growth in perspective (line 30)
Answer: The growth seen in perspective.
e. It took only 100 more years to
add another billion to world population. (line36)
Answer: An increasing world population took only 100 more years to add another billion to world
population.
3
Identify and arrange the main idea of each
paragraph using the following flow chart! The first paragraph has been done for
you.
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B.
Speaking
1. Now, ask
your friend about what he/she wants to know more about the topic they read. Use
the following guided questions.
C . Writing
1.
Compare what you know about world population
which what you learned about it from the text you read. Write your comparison
in the given table.
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What I know about the topic
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What I learned about the topic from the text
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1. According to the United States Census Bureau
population clock given in percent each country’s population of the world is
estimated at 7.133 billion.
2. Based on the article that I already read, Indonesia is
the fourth most populous country in the world at 2013.
3. In 2008, for the first time in history, more than
half of the world’s population will be living in towns and cities.
4. Problems to be faced as
a result of increasing population
growth are food, energy, and shelter.
5. The report found that most
of the country with very high birth rate
- more than
5 children per woman - in the list of countries
the United Nations as least developed.
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1.
A new
projection by the United Nations shows that, if the present growth rate of 2 percent
per year continues, today’s world population of 3.9 billion will hit 6.4
billion by the year 2000.
2.
Based on the
text, Indonesia is the fifth most populous country in the world at 1973.
3.
Half of all
the earth’s people will be living in urban areas by the year 2000.
4.
Food isn’t the
only problem that such a population explosion presents.
5.
The great bulk
of the growth- 9 of every 10 people added to the earth’s population – will be
in the poorer, undeveloped countries.
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2. Look
at the data of population in 25 countries. Then, put the population data of 11
Asian countries in the following graph.
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